Human capital

2009-02-06T21:40:00.002+07:00

Human capital refers to the stock of skills and knowledge embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value. Many early economic theories refer to it simply as labor, one of three factors of production, and consider it to be a fungible resource -- homogeneous and easily interchangeable. Other conceptions of labor dispense with these assumptions.

Origin of concept
Adam smith defined four types of fixed capital (which is characterized as that which affords a revenue or profit without circulating or changing masters). The four types were: 1) useful machines, instruments of the trade; 2) buildings as the means of procuring revenue; 3) improvements of land and 4) human capital.
“Fourthly, of the acquired and useful abilities of all the inhabitants or members of the society. The acquisition of such talents, by the maintenance of the acquirer during his education, study, or apprenticeship, always costs a real expense, which is a capital fixed and realized, as it were, in his person. Those talents, as they make a part of his fortune, so do they likewise that of the society to which he belongs. The improved dexterity of a workman may be considered in the same light as a machine or instrument of trade which facilitates and abridges labor, and which, though it costs a certain expense, repays that expense with a profit.” An Inquiry into the Nature And Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Book 2 [[1]]
Therefore, human capital (as defined by Smith) and the productive power of labor are both dependent on the division of labor – The greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgement with which it is any where directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labour. There is a complex relationship between the division of labor and human capital..
In short, Smith saw human capital as skills, dexterity (physical, intellectual, psychological, etc) and judgment. Life helps a lot. On a national level, a country's ability to learn from the leader is a function of its stock of "human capital". Furthermore, human capital can be acquired through formal schooling and on-the-job training - what you know can shape your life.
A. W. Lewis is said to have begun the field of Economic Development and consequently the idea of human capital when he wrote in 1954 the "Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour." The term 'Human Capital' was not used due to its negative undertones until it was first discussed by Arthur Cecil Pigou: "There is such a thing as investment in human capital as well as investment in material capital. So soon as this is recognised, the distinction between economy in consumption and economy in investment becomes blurred. For, up to a point, consumption is investment in personal productive capacity. This is especially important in connection with children: to reduce unduly expenditure on their consumption may greatly lower their efficiency in after-life. Even for adults, after we have descended a certain distance along the scale of wealth, so that we are beyond the region of luxuries and "unnecessary" comforts, a check to personal consumption is also a check to investment [1]
The use of the term in the modern neoclassical economic literature dates back to Jacob Mincer's pioneering article "Investment in Human Capital and Personal Income Distribution" in The Journal of Political Economy in 1958. The best-known application of the idea of "human capital" in economics is that of Mincer and Gary Becker of the "Chicago School" of economics. Becker's book entitled Human Capital, published in 1964, became a standard reference for many years. In this view, human capital is similar to "physical means of production", e.g., factories and machines: one can invest in human capital (via education, training, medical treatment) and one's outputs depend partly on the rate of return on the human capital one owns. Thus, human capital is a means of production, into which additional investment yields additional output. Human capital is substitutable, but not transferable like land, labor, or fixed capital.

Management Information System

2008-09-21T15:06:00.004+07:00

Di TI-UI biasa disingkat MIS, mata kuliah ini setiap hari selasa sore sehabis pulang kerja. Yang dipelajari dari mata kuliah ini adalah tentang interaksi antara manusia dengan sumber daya di dalam suatu organisasi yang bertanggung jawab untuk mengumpulkan serta mengolah data yang akan menghasilkan informasi yang berguna untuk semua tingkatan manajemen didalam kegiatan perencanaan dan pengendalian.

Pengajar : M. Dachyar

Kode : IES 31080 SE

Email : mdachyar@yahoo.com

Blog : mdachyar.blogspot.com

Knowledge Management

2008-09-21T14:02:00.009+07:00

Knowledge management (KM) is the combination of organizational culture, strategic goals,individual needs and the expertise of its people to create an atmosphere of learning and growth. Philosophically, knowledge management must be a vital part of corporate principles and individual jobs for knowledge sharing to succeed. It’s through it’s conceptual components that knowledge management becomes legitimate.

Benefit of knowledge management :

Reducing cost and risk
Leveraging existing assets to reduce cost , risk and cyle time
Improved decision making.
Improved strategic planning.
Faster development of technical approaches.
Faster more robust problem solving.
Reduced cost of employee training.
Increased versatility of the workforce

SI VS IT

2008-09-21T13:32:00.000+07:00

Sistem informasi adalah suatu sistem buatan manusia yang secara umum terdiri atas sekumpulan komponen berbasis komputer dan manual yang dibuat untuk menghimpun, menyimpan, mengelola data serta menyediakan informasi keluaran kepada pemakai. Sedangkan
Teknologi informasi mencakup perangkat keras untuk melaksanakan satu atau sejumlah tugas pemrosesan data seperti menangkap, mentransmisikan, menyimpan, mengambil, memanipulasi atau menampilkan data.

Contoh sistem informasi :

1. Sistem reservasi pesawat terbang.

2. Sistem penjualan kredit motor

3. E-Government

4. Dan lain-lain

Contoh Teknologi Informasi :

1. Mikrokomputer

2. Mainframe

3. Barcode Scanner

4. Dan lain-lain

Firman Syahroni G

Human capital

Management Information System

Knowledge Management

SI VS IT